Piston



June 17, 1930. H, HATER 1,764,871

PISTOfi Filed July 9, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 flak/7d I afar June 17, 1930. H, A 'R 1,764,871

PISTON Filed July 9, 192 8 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 17, 1930 UNITED sTATss- PArENroFn-ca HARRY il EATER, OF CINCINNA II, OHIO PISTON Application and July 9, 1m. Serial in. 291,427.

My invention relates to improvements in pistons for engines and moreparticnlarly provide a pi ton of high expansion alloy which will have an unbroken major thrust portion to insure strength and heat radiation to the skirt.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a piston with means for diverting radiation of heat from the head of the piston.

Other Qbjects and advantages of my invention 'will .be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanyin drawings which form a part of this specification and wherein like characters of reference denote like or corresponding parts throughout the same.

, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a piston embodying my invention,

Figure 2 is an elevation taken at right angles to Figure 1,

igure 3 is a central longitudinal sectional view taken at right angles to the plane of the piston pin openings,

Figure 1 is a similar view taken through the center of the piston pin openings,

Fi re 5 is a orizontal sectional View taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 3 looking in the direction of the arrows,

Figure 6. is a similar view taken on the line 66 of Figure 4,

Figure 7 isa bottomplan View of my improved piston, Figure 8 is a development thereof, and Figure 9 is a side elevation of another form of my invention. 7

In the drawings, wherein for the urpose of illustration is shown a preferred orm of invention the numeral 10 designates the m solid head of the piston having the usual 'cient width. The

lpacking ring grooves 11 and a dependin ollow skirt 12. The skirt 12 is provided with the usual piston pin openings 13 which are preferably arran ed in the center of the piston as shown. e wrist are each connected to the hea of the skirt by a pair of substantially vertically arranged fins 15 arranged at a tangent to the piston in bosses as shown in'Figure'3 and extendmg to the inner edge of the bosses and to the top of the piston as shown in Figure 4.

Transverse openings or slots 16 underlie the piston pin openings and are spaced a substantial distance above the bottom of thepiston to leave a bearing surface 17 of sufliortions of the piston walls surrounding the piston pin openings are cut away or relieved as at 18, the relieved portions extending from the openings 16 to a point just below the lower-"or oil ring groove, leaving an unrelieved band 19 between the oil ring groove and the relief 18. r

clined from the vertical and extends from the lower end of the piston skirt to a point above the lower ends of the slots 20 and substantially equidistant from said slots. The walls of the slots 20 adjacent the reliefs 18 are preferably flared outwardly as shown.

It will be seen that I have provided a piston, the major thrust portion of which is unbroken and not separated from the head, allowing uniform heat radiation to the cylinder wall and giving 'a rigld non-collapsible portion to support the thrust loads sub jected o it by the force of the explosion on the piston head The openings 20 on the minor thrust portion serve to divert the heat flow from the head to the centralpart of the skirt and cooperate with the trans- I claim and desire. -.to

verse slit and nearly vertical slit to control expansion by cutting off heat radiation to the portion below the transverse slit.

It will be seen that by this construction the skirt is connected to the head for at least three-quarters of its length.

The nearly vertical slit may have its angle to the vertical varied providing that it is not made vertical or does not effect the "strength of the non-thrust side of the piston. The transverse openings 16 are-centered beneath the piston pin openings and their length may be varied, although I have illustrated them as being of thesame length as the lower portions of the relief. These openings break the heat transfer from the relatively heavy boss section to the lower bearing portion of the skirt, and this break in the connection of the boss section and the skirt gives resiliency to the lower end of the skirt, thereby assisting in the control of expansion and contraction of this part of the skirt. It will be seen that an annular bearing surface is provided at the lower end of the skirt which is-unbroken except for the nearly vertical slit 22.

In Figure 9 I have illustrated the relief 18' as keystone in shape and the ends of the transverse openings 16 are arranged arallel with the inclined edges of the reliefs. The openings 20 are arranged with one side parallel with the edge of the relief and with the-other side slightly inclined from the vertical in the opposite direction. The ends of the openings '16 and one side'of the openings 20 may form continuations of the edge of the keystone relief. The other features of the piston correspond with that shown in Figures 1 to 8. 7

-While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my invention, it

is to be understood that various changes in the size, shape and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, what protect by Letters Patent is: 4 1

1. A piston comprising a head and a depending skirt, said' skirthaving a pair of piston pin openings with relieved areas therearound, a; transverse opening underlyingeach piston (pin opening and extending into said relieve area, said transver e 0 ening being spaced a substantial distance 50m the bottom of the skirt to provide a substantially-continuous bearing surface adjacent the lower end of the skirt, said skirt having a pair of slots extending along the edge of the relieved areas from a point immediately below the head of the piston to 'a point be,- low the tops of the piston pin openings on the minor thrust side of the skirt.

2. A piston comprising a head and a depending skirt, said skirt having a pair of edge of the relieved areas from a point immediately below the head of the piston to a point below the tops of the piston pin openin s on the minor thrust side of the skirt, t ere being a transverse slit connecting the. slots and separating the head of the piston from the portion of the skirt between the slots.

3. A piston comprising a head and a depending skirt, said skirt having a air of piston pin openings with relieve areas therearound, a transverse opening underlying each piston pin opening and extending into said relieved area, said transverse 0 ening being spaced a substantial distance m the bottom of the skirt to provide a substantially continuous bearin surface adjacent the lower end of the s irt, said skirt having a pair of slots extending along the edge of the relieved areas froma point immed'iately below the head of the piston to a point below the tops of the piston pin 0 enmgs on the minor thrust side of the s 'rt, there being a transverse slit connectin the slots and separating the head of the p ston from the portion of the skirt between the slots, said minor thrust portion of the piston skirt being provided With an inclined slit extending in a generally vertical direction from the. lower end of the skirt to a point above the lower ends of the slits and below the transverse slit whereby the head of the piston is connected to the skirt for at least three quarters of its circumference.

. 4. A piston comprising a head and a depending skirt, said skirt having a pair of piston pin openings with keystone reliefs arranged therearound, there being a transverse opening' underlying each piston pin opening and extending into said relieved area, the end walls of the opening being parallel to the inclined edges of the relief and forming a continuation thereof, said transverse openings being spaced a substantial distance from the bottom of the piston skirt, said skirt having a pair of slots extending along the edges of the relieved areas on the minor thrust-side of the piston skirt, one of the sides of each slot forming a continuation of the edge of the relief.

5. A piston comprising a head and a depending skirt, said skirt having a pair of piston pin openings with keystone reliefs arranged therearound, there being a transverse opening underlying' each piston pin piston pin openings with relieved areas openin and extending into said relieved area, the en walls of the opening being parallel to the inclined edges of the relief and forming a continuation thereof, said transverse 5 openings being spaced a substantial distance from the bottom of the piston skirt, said skirt having a pair of slots extending along the edges of the relieved areas on the minor thrust side of the piston skirt, one of the m sides of each slot forming a continuation of the-ed e of the relief, there being a transverse s it connecting the slots and separating the head of the piston from the portion of the skirt between the slots.

6. A piston comprising a head and a depending skint, said skirt having a pair of piston pin openings with keystone reliefs arranged therearound, there being a transverse opening underlying each piston pin opening and extending into said relieved area, the end walls of the opening being parallel to the inclined edges of the relief and forming a continuation thereof, said transverse openings being spaced a substan- 5 tial distance from the bottom of the piston skirt, said skirt having a pair of slots extending along the edges of the relieved areas on the minor thrust side of the piston skirt, one of the sides of each slot forming a continuation of the edge of the relief, there being a transverse slit connecting the slots and separating the head of the piston from the portion of the skirt between the slots, said minor thrust side of the piston being pro v as vided with an inclined slit extendin v in a generally vertical direction from the lower end of the skirt to'a point above the lower elnds of the slots and below the transverse s it.

40 In. testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

HARRY J. HATER. 

